Apple and Google agree to change app stores after ‘effective duopoly’ claim


Technology analyst Paolo Pescatore said the announcement was a “pragmatic first step” – but some may see it as “addressing the low-hanging fruit”.

“There will inevitably be calls for a tougher clampdown from some quarters, so we should not expect this latest development to be the endgame,” he said.

The CMA said the UK’s app economy is the largest in Europe according to its revenue and amount of app developers.

It said it generates an estimated 1.5% of the UK’s GDP and supports around 400,000 jobs.

Both Apple and Google have previously warned the UK against following in the footsteps of the EU with tough regulations they believe harm innovation.

Under its sweeping rules designed to ensure fair competition in the digital economy, large online platforms deemed “gatekeepers” in certain markets face tougher requirements.

For instance, Apple has been forced to make changes aimed at improving transparency, fairness and choice for users – such as displaying alternative browsers to its pre-installed default, Safari.

It has said strict requirements to make its services interoperable with rivals’ have also affected the privacy and security of its products.

Apple said the commitments announced on Tuesday reflected its constructive engagement with the CMA and its pragmatic approach to regulation.

Additional reporting by Laura Cress


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